The chemical composition,structural and morphological characterizations of a wa ter-quenched slag from copper smelting reverberatory furnace was studied in deta il by using X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF),X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanni ng electron microscope (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS),hermogravimetric apparatus (TG),differential scanning calorimeter (DSC),Mossbauer spectroscope and metallographic microscope.The results obtained by metallographic microscopic analysis and SEM-EDS showed that the main phase compositions of the slag were fayalite,magnetite,copper matte and amorphous glass body.By XRD and Mossbauer spectroscope it was found that the iron primarily mainly consisted in fayalite,the slag only contained a little of magnetic iron oxides.The beneficia bility analysis demonstrated that the cupper in the slag will be able to be reco vered by fine grinding and flotation,and the iron in the slag will be able to be recovered by phase transformation and magnetic separation.