By using the panel data of 17 listed coal enterprises of Chinese coal industry in 2006,the efficiency of technical progress in these coal enterprises was estimated with random frontier analysis model and software package EViews 5.0.The results of analysis showed that the overall average efficiency of technical progress for the 17 listed coal enterprises is 0.51,is on the low side,thus it is one of problems demanding prompt solution for Chinese coal industry to improve technical efficiency at the current.