In order to solve the problems of high block rate, serious damage to the filling body and roof column on both sides during two-step mining, and large ore depletion rate, etc., which appeared when the ore block was mined back in the Sanguikou lead-zinc mine by the filling method after the rock drilling stage, the optimization of the blasting parameters was carried out, and the blasting holes with diameter of 76mm were used instead, and the theoretical calculations showed that the distance between the rows of holes was 1.8m, and the distance between the bottoms of the holes was 2.1m; or the distance between the rows of holes was 1.9m, and the distance between the bottoms of the holes was 2.0m. Compared with the original blasting parameters, the depletion rate of the on-site industrial test quarry was reduced by 19.8%, the loss rate was reduced by 4.6%, the unit consumption of explosives was reduced by 12.2%, and the block rate was reduced by 34.8%; at the same time, combined with the simulation results of the blasting effect before and after the optimization by LS-DYNA finite element software, the results show that: when using the optimized blasting parameters for blasting, the chunk rate is smaller, and the blasting effect on both sides of the hole is more effective than the original one. The block rate is smaller, and the damage to the filling body on both sides, the top pillar and the brow line of the rock-cutting roadway is smaller.