Based on the Mohr-Coulomb and Drucker-Prager strength criteria, the numerical simulation software is used to compare and analyze the deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding rock of straight wall archway under two strength criteria. The calculation results under the two strength criteria have similarities and differences.(1) Similarity: With the increase of the lateral pressure coefficient, the surrounding rock stress and plastic zone distribution of the roadway are basically unchanged, and the plastic zone expands in a "butterfly" shape, the peak stress of the surrounding rock and the displacement of the tunnel roof and floor gradually increase;(2) Difference: For the peak stress of the surrounding rock, the displacement of the tunnel roof, floor and two gangs and the plastic zone range under different lateral pressure coefficients, the calculation results under the Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion are larger than those under the Drucker-Prager strength criterion. The peak stress of the surrounding rock under the Drucker-Prager strength criterion is larger than that under the Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion.