The most important to realize paste filling is mastering the resistance loss characteristics of paste pipeline transportation and scientifically evaluating the reliability of paste transportation. Combined with the two major development trends of large-scale mining and paste filling in underground deposits, this paper carried out full-size loop test with the pipe diameter of 180mm and unclassified tailings conveying flow of 100m_³/h、120 m_³/h、150 m_³/h、180m_³/h、200 m_³/h respectively. In order to compare and analyze the resistance characteristics, theoretical calculation and numerical simulation were carried out simultaneously. The results show that error between the classical theoretical formula and the loop test result is large, however the numerical simulation and the loop test result are similar. This paper shows that the resistance of the paste pipeline transport increases as the transport flow increases. When the conveying flow rate is 200m_³/h, the resistance loss of the paste pipeline obtained by the loop test, theoretical calculation and numerical simulation is as high as 8.26Mpa/km, 7.53 Mpa/km and 7.87 Mpa/kmy. Based on the results of the loop test, the theoretical calculation formula for the resistance loss of the filled slurry is similarly applied to the paste characteristics. According to the test results, this paper demonstrated the reliability of the self-flow conveying of the paste. The result shows that the maximum filling line of the mine is 2.2, which can realize the self-flowing of the paste. However, when the filling double line continues to increase, the risk of the paste self-flow conveyingwill be higher.