In response to the problems of large mining range, high ore impoverishment rate, low mechanization degree, and high safety risks in the short-hole shrinkage method for steeply inclined thin ore veins in China, combined with the occurrence conditions of a certain metal mine in China, a mechanized short-hole shrinkage method process was proposed, and the mechanized mining idea of using micro rock drilling rigs to drill shallow holes upwards was determined. Firstly, based on the operating conditions of the experimental mining site, the design principles and main technical parameters of the micro rock drilling rig were determined. Secondly, the whole machine adopts a modular and 4-degree-of-freedom rock drilling positioning design scheme, and calculates and simulates the passability, rock drilling positioning, machine stability, and in-situ steering drive system of the micro rock drilling rig in narrow and complex environments. The results show that this scheme can meet the requirements of rock drilling operations in narrow spaces. The experimental results show that the micro rock drilling rig can meet the practical engineering applications of narrow space transition driving, rock drilling positioning, and visual distance remote control operation in the mining of steeply inclined thin ore veins using short-hole shrinkage method.